The Importance of Getting a Colonoscopy: A Comprehensive Guide

Colon cancer is one of the most preventable diseases, yet it still remains a leading cause of death. Fortunately, colonoscopies are an effective way to detect colon cancer early. In this comprehensive guide, you'll learn much of everything you need to know about getting a colonoscopy procedure done.

What Is a Colonoscopy?

A colonoscopy is a procedure that allows doctors to examine the large intestine (colon) for any abnormalities, such as cancerous or precancerous growths. A long, flexible tube will be used for the colonoscopy procedure. This tube is equipped with a camera on one end (colonoscope) that is inserted into the rectum and guided throughout the colon. The camera allows the doctor to see the colon on a monitor and determine if anything needs further examination or treatment.

Who Should Get a Colonoscopy?

All adults at average risk for colon cancer should undergo a colonoscopy at a certain age, while those at higher risk should get their first colonoscopy earlier. Some of the factors that can increase your risk for colon cancer include a personal or family history of colon cancer or precancerous growths, a history of inflammatory bowel disease, and genetic syndromes such as Lynch syndrome or familial adenomatous polyposis.

How to Prepare for a Colonoscopy

The colon must be completely cleaned out before the procedure, so it’s important to follow the preparation instructions given by your doctor. This usually involves a clear liquid diet for a few days before the procedure, drinking a laxative solution, and fasting for a period of time before the procedure. It’s important to discuss any medications you’re taking with your doctor beforehand, as you may need to adjust your dosage or temporarily stop taking certain medications.

What to Expect During the Procedure

A colonoscopy is usually performed under sedation, so you’ll be asleep throughout the procedure. Once under sedation, the colonoscope will be inserted through the rectum and guided through the colon. The procedure itself usually takes several minutes, but you may need to stay at the hospital or clinic for a few hours afterward for observation.

What Happens After the Procedure?

You’ll need someone to drive you home after the procedure, as you may still be feeling the effects of sedation. You may experience some cramping or bloating for a short time after the procedure, but these symptoms should go away after passing gas. It’s important to follow your doctor’s instructions for post-procedure care, including any dietary restrictions or medication changes.

Colon cancer is a highly preventable disease, and colonoscopies are an effective way to catch any issues early on. By following the guidelines for when to get a colonoscopy, preparing properly, and understanding what to expect during and after the procedure, you can ensure that you’re doing everything you can to stay healthy. If you have any concerns about your risk for colon cancer, or if you’re due for a colonoscopy procedure, talk to your doctor today.